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In quantum, we require states to be normalized. This means that adding up probability for a state to be measured as it's allowed values, it has to add up to one.
Unnormalized states need to be multiplied by a normalization constant.
Unnormalized states need to be multiplied by a normalization constant.
Significance
For instance, for measuring spin, let $a$ denote the probabilty of measuring spin up, and $b$ denote the probability of measuring spin down. Since the particle must be in the state spin up or spin down, that means we require $a+b=1$.For something continuous such as position, if we know a particle must be in a certain area, then the integral of finding the probability over that adds up to $1$.
Derivation
Let $\ket{\psi}$ be a state such that its possible outcomes are discrete states $\ket{\phi_1}, \dots, \ket{\phi_n}$. We require $$\begin{align*} \sum_{k=1}^{n}\braket{\phi_k|\psi} =1 \end{align*}$$Let $\ket{\psi}$ be a state such that its possible measurement outcomes are continuous. Then we require
Associated Concepts
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In quantum, we require states to be normalized. This means that adding up probability for a state to be measured as it's allowed values, it has to add up to one.
Unnormalized states need to be multiplied by a normalization constant.
Unnormalized states need to be multiplied by a normalization constant.
Significance
For instance, for measuring spin, let $a$ denote the probabilty of measuring spin up, and $b$ denote the probability of measuring spin down. Since the particle must be in the state spin up or spin down, that means we require $a+b=1$.For something continuous such as position, if we know a particle must be in a certain area, then the integral of finding the probability over that adds up to $1$.
Derivation
Let $\ket{\psi}$ be a state such that its possible outcomes are discrete states $\ket{\phi_1}, \dots, \ket{\phi_n}$. We require $$\begin{align*} \sum_{k=1}^{n}\braket{\phi_k|\psi} =1 \end{align*}$$Let $\ket{\psi}$ be a state such that its possible measurement outcomes are continuous. Then we require
Associated Concepts
Coming soon
FullPage
overview
significance
derivation
associated concepts